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Shakespeare's ''Hamlet'' was the inspiration for two works by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky: the overture-fantasia ''Hamlet'', Op. 67a, and incidental music for the play, Op. 67b. ==Overture-Fantasia, Op. 67a== Tchaikovsky wrote the ''Hamlet'' overture-fantasia, Op. 67a, between June and 19 October 1888, overlapping the scoring of his Fifth Symphony. The idea of a ''Hamlet'' overture had first occurred to Tchaikovsky in 1876, as outlined in his plans in a letter to his brother Modest. At that time, he conceived it in three parts: : 1. Elsinore and Hamlet, up to the appearance of his father's ghost : 2. Polonius (scherzando) and Ophelia (adagio), and : 3. Hamlet after the appearance of the ghost. His death and Fortinbras. However, by 1888 he had altered these notions. The actor Lucien Guitry asked him to write some incidental music for a production of Shakespeare's play, to which Tchaikovsky agreed. The planned performance was cancelled, but Tchaikovsky decided to finish what he had started, in the form of a concert overture. There is no musical enactment of the events of the play, or even a presentation of the key characters. The work adopts the same scheme he used in his other Shakespeare pieces, the fantasy-overture ''Romeo and Juliet'' (1869, revised 1870 and 1880) and the symphonic fantasy ''The Tempest'' (1873), in using certain characteristics or emotional situations within the play. The essence of the work is the brooding atmosphere depicting Elsinore, but there is an obvious love theme, and a plaintive melody on the oboe can be seen to represent Ophelia. What makes "Hamlet" unique from other works of Tchaikovsky fantasy is the lack of a structural development. The standard form of this music has an exposition, a development, and concludes with a recapitulation. Tchaikovsky did not clearly emphasize a development section in "Hamlet." There is no section that fulfills the duties of a development, causing "Hamlet" to be a unique piece that is of linear, not symmetrical, structure. The ''Hamlet'' overture-fantasia was dedicated to Edvard Grieg, whom Tchaikovsky had met in Leipzig in early 1888 on the same occasion that he met Johannes Brahms. He described Grieg as "an extraordinarily charming man". The Symphony No. 5 was premiered on 17 November 1888, and the ''Hamlet'' overture-fantasia had its first performance a week later, on 24 November. Both performances were in Saint Petersburg, and Tchaikovsky conducted both of them. While ''Hamlet'' was not a great success, it still received a better initial reception than the symphony did, but it has subsequently assumed a lower profile in Tchaikovsky's works. Excerpts from the score were used in the 2005 ballet ''Anna Karenina'', choreographed by Boris Eifman. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hamlet (Tchaikovsky)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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